x.1: Defenseless
“In 1963, the Supreme
Court… ‘effective
assistance of counsel.’”
Gideon v. Wainwright,
372 US 335 (1963).
“An Innocence Project
report claims… only
65 percent certain.”
The
Innocence Project.
“Jimmy Ray Bromgard.”
2003.
“ ‘No constitutional
right… National
Association of Criminal
Defense Lawyers.”
Bright,
Stephen B. “Turning
Celebrated Principles
Into Reality.” The
Champion: National Association
of Criminal Defense Attorneys,
January/Febrary, 2003.
“According to the
National Legal Aid and
Defender Association…
150 cases per year.”
“Forty
Years after Landmark Supreme
Court Ruling, Right to
Counsel Still Denied to
People Who Can't Afford
an Attorney.” National
Legal Aid and Defender
Association, March
2003.
“In Washington,
the American Civil Liberties
Union… 350 cases
per year.”
“ACLU
of WA Report on Indigent
Defense.” March,
2004.
“For example, in
Mississippi in 1995, court-appointed
lawyers in death penalty
cases earned an average
of $11.75 an hour.”
“Fatal
Flaws: Innocence and the
Death Penalty in the USA.”
Amnesty International,
November 1998.
“An NLADA…
trainings, investigators
and experts, and technology.”
“Forty
Years after Landmark Supreme
Court Ruling, Right to
Counsel Still Denied to
People Who Can't Afford
an Attorney.”
National Legal Aid and
Defender Association,
March 2003.
“A survey by the
NLADA found…”
“Developing
a National Message for
Indigent Defense: Analysis
of National Survey.”
National Legal aid
and Defender Association,
October 2001.
“In Georgia, 97
percent of death row inmates
could not afford a lawyer.”
Editorial: “OUR
OPINIONS: Give indigent
defense more money.”
The Atlanta Jounal-Constitution,
January 2003.
“We know that the
death penalty… worst
lawyers.”
Press
Release: “U.S. Supreme
Court to review ineffective
assistance of counsel
claim; issue could lead
to threshold decision.”
National Coalition
to Abolish the Death Penalty,
November 2002.
x.2: Predators
and Prey
“In 2004, the U.S.
Justice Department reported…
prisons and jails.”
“BJS study examines
sexual violence in U.S.
prisons, jails Reporting
reluctance may skew actual
rates.” Corrections
Professional, August
2005.
“‘Predators
looking to rape…’
The New York Times.”
Marshall, Carolyn. “Panel
on Prison Rape Hears Victims’
Chilling Accounts.”
The New York Times,
August 2005.
“Prisoners must
prove ‘deliberate
indifference’…”
Brook,
Daniel. “The Problem
of Prison Rape.”
Legal Affairs,
March 2004.
“‘Prison
administrators use inmate
gangs… blondest
boy in the next shipment.’”
Parenti,
Christian. “Rape
as a Disciplinary Tactic.”
Salon.com, August
1999.
“Kendall Spruce…
New York Times.”
Marshall, Carolyn. “Panel
on Prison Rape Hears Victims’
Chilling Accounts.”
The New York Times,
August 2005.
x.3: A Controlled
Type of Chaos
“In 2000, sixty-eight
inmates were killed in
U.S. prisons… inmate-on-inmate
assaults.”
Dumond,
Robert W. “The Impact
and Recovery of Prisoner
Rape.” Paper
presented at: National
Conference to End Prisoner
Rape in Washington, D.C.,
October 2001.
“In 2000, a county
jail… brain damage.”
“U.S.
Prisons.” Human
Rights Watch, July
2005.
“Former Pennsylvania
prison official…
grown man piss himself.’”
“Agent:
England described 'humiliation'
techniques: Whistle-blower
says turning over Abu
Ghraib photos 'a hard
call'” CNN.com,
August 2004.
x.4: An Irreversible
Mistake
“As of April, 2005…
been fully exonerated.”
Death
Penalty Information Center.
Various.
“The number of
executions… ninety-eight
executions.”
Death
Penalty Information Center.
Various.
“‘There is
a flaw… needs to
be studied.’”
“Illinois
suspends death penalty.”
CNN.com, January
2000.
“The act, which…
frequency of executions
in the USA.’”
“Fatal
Flaws: Innocence and the
Death Penalty in the USA.”
Amnesty International,
November 1998.
